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Foreign Property Ownership in Saudi Arabia: Navigating a New Era for Strategic Investment Saudi Arabia's macroeconomic transformation under Vision 2030 is fundamentally recalibrating its real estate sector. The recent Law of Real Estate Ownership and Investment by Non-Saudis, updated by new legislation approved on 8 July 2025, and effective January 2026,…
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Strategic Market Entry in Dubai’s Property Sector: Dispute Strategies, Deferred Ownership, and Cross-Border Catalysts (Part II of II) Introduction Dubai's real estate market presents a compelling platform for strategic investors, from institutional funds to corporate entities, seeking to deploy capital through innovative ownership and financing models. This second installment of…
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Parallel Importation in the UAE: Strategic Legal and Commercial Dimensions for Global Brands Parallel importation—the resale of genuine branded goods through unauthorized channels—engages the United Arab Emirates’ sophisticated legal framework as it cements its stature as a global trade hub under Vision 2030. Federal Decree-Law Number 36 of 2021 and Federal Law Number…
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Due Diligence in Property Purchase in Dubai: Legal and Commercial Safeguards for Freehold Buyers Acquiring freehold property in Dubai—whether through off-plan investment or a secondary market purchase—demands rigorous and multidimensional due diligence. As real estate transactions in the Emirate grow in complexity and value, buyers must navigate legal, financial, structural,…
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The Future of Arbitration in Saudi Arabia: From SCCA to International Enforceability under New Reforms Introduction Saudi Arabia is reshaping its dispute resolution ecosystem, propelled by Vision 2030’s ambition to position the Kingdom as a global investment hub. Arbitration, once viewed with skepticism, now stands as a cornerstone of legal…
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Enforcing Arbitral Awards under the New York Convention: Strategic Insights from the GCC Legal Landscape Introduction The New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards 1958 establishes a global enforcement framework binding all six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states—United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar,…
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Smarter Deals: How AI is Transforming M&A Due Diligence in the Gulf Introduction In 2025, a Dubai-based acquirer leverages a proprietary AI platform to complete legal and financial due diligence for a $900 million cross-border acquisition in record time. The platform reviews 25,000 documents, flags change-of-control clauses, identifies ESG liabilities,…
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Strategic Market Entry in Dubai’s Property Sector: A Legal and Commercial Framework (Part I of II) Introduction Dubai’s $120 billion property market in 2025 is a strategic axis for CEOs, hedge funds, and private credit entrants, offering tax-free yields through freehold and leasehold regimes. Regulated by the Dubai Land Department…
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Navigating Kuwait’s Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Regulatory Landscape: A Two-Part Series (Part I) In an era where regulatory certainty underpins public trust in healthcare systems, few institutions command the same global stature as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the FDA). Renowned for its rigorous pre-market evaluations and robust post-market…
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Bahrain–UAE Investment Protection Agreement On 10 March 2025, Bahrain officially ratified the Bahrain–UAE Investment Protection Agreement (IPA), which had been signed on 11 February 2024 in Dubai. The bi-lateral treaty is a significant legal and economic milestone, establishing the basis for deeper commercial links, more secure investment protections, and co-ordinated…
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Navigating the UAE’s Franchise Frontier: Strategic Legal Insights for International Brands Where global brands converge on a market shaped by tourism-fueled retail and cultural diversity, the United Arab Emirates offers a compelling—yet legally intricate—platform for franchising expansion. In the absence of a dedicated franchise statute, the UAE’s legal regime is…
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India-Oman Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) India-Oman Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) is a proposed strategic trade agreement that is intended to strengthen economic ties between Oman and India. Both nations have an age-old relationship based on trade, energy, and diaspora linkages. With the CEPA, the intention is to establish…
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Criminal Law in the UAE The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has a distinct legal framework for criminal law, which is influenced by both Islamic law (Sharia) and civil law traditions. This dual approach reflects the country’s unique cultural and legal heritage, while aligning with modern principles of justice and fairness.…
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Qatar-Saudi Arabia Double Tax Treaty The governments of Saudi Arabia and Qatar signed a historic Double Tax Treaty (DTT) on July 11, 2023, with the objectives of enhancing economic cooperation, avoiding double taxation, and preventing fiscal evasion in terms of taxes on income. Since both countries are increasing their bilateral…
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