UAE Implements Updated Domestic Violence Law

UAE Introduces New Domestic Violence Law

The UAE has introduced a new Federal Decree-Law No. 13 of 2024 to enhance protections for victims of domestic violence, replacing the 2019 decree. The new law reflects the UAE's growing commitment to safeguarding vulnerable individuals by broadening the definition of abuse, introducing stricter penalties, and establishing more comprehensive support systems for victims.

One of the most significant changes in the 2024 law is the expanded definition of domestic abuse. The new framework recognizes not only physical violence but also psychological, economic, and sexual abuse, ensuring that mental, emotional, and financial harm are treated as serious offenses.

By explicitly addressing forms of abuse that were previously overlooked, such as economic exploitation, the law ensures that victims experiencing non-physical harm can seek justice and protection.

Protection for Domestic Workers

In a progressive move, domestic workers are now classified as family members under the new law, granting them the same legal protections against abuse as other vulnerable individuals. This change addresses the longstanding gap in legal frameworks and reinforces the UAE's commitment to the welfare of all residents, particularly those in caregiving roles.

Enhanced Victim Support Systems

The 2024 law emphasizes the importance of victim support by mandating emergency shelters, counseling, and long-term rehabilitation services. Victims may also benefit from protection orders, which prohibit contact between the abuser and the victim, and can extend for up to 12 months. Shelters and safe residences are now readily accessible, allowing victims to escape unsafe environments.

Additionally, the law requires offenders to provide financial support for medical expenses and other needs arising from the abuse, ensuring victims are not financially disadvantaged.

Stricter Penalties for Offenders

The new law introduces harsher penalties for offenders, particularly for those committing repeat offenses. Individuals found guilty of domestic violence may face imprisonment and fines of up to Dh50,000. Special penalties apply to cases involving parents, elderly individuals (over 60), pregnant women, children, or persons with disabilities.

If an individual commits domestic violence within one year of a prior offense, the law classifies it as an aggravating factor, resulting in more severe punishment.

Violators of protection orders will face fines between Dh5,000 and Dh10,000. If the violation involves violence or coercion, the penalties will escalate to at least six months of imprisonment and fines ranging from Dh10,000 to Dh100,000.

Penalties for Failing to Report or Filing False Complaints

The law also imposes fines for individuals who fail to report abuse or knowingly file false complaints. Those found guilty of these violations may face penalties ranging from Dh5,000 to Dh10,000. Additionally, disclosing confidential information related to domestic violence incidents, or revealing the identity of the victim, will result in imprisonment or fines of at least Dh20,000.

Rehabilitation Programs for Offenders

An innovative feature of the 2024 law is the mandatory rehabilitation of offenders. Counseling and behavioral correction programs aim to address the root causes of domestic violence, helping offenders reintegrate into society without posing a future threat. This rehabilitative approach reflects the UAE's focus on both prevention and intervention.

Reporting Procedures and Handling of Domestic Violence Cases

The new law encourages community involvement by requiring family members, healthcare providers, educators, social workers, and psychologists to report incidents of domestic violence. To protect whistleblowers, the law ensures that the identity of individuals reporting abuse will remain confidential, except when necessary for judicial proceedings.

Upon receiving a report, the authorities are required to:

• Document the incident details in writing, audio, or visual form.
• Implement protective measures, such as placing the victim in a shelter or a safe residence.
• Collect statements from parties and witnesses in a confidential environment.
• Refer victims for medical care if needed and prepare a detailed report for the Public Prosecution.

Reconciliation between parties is permitted only with the victim’s consent and approval from prosecutors, ensuring that safety remains a priority.

New Focus on Special Judicial Circuits and Digital Record-Keeping

The 2024 law establishes special judicial circuits to handle domestic violence cases on an expedited basis. These specialized courts aim to provide swift justice and address the sensitive nature of such cases more effectively.

Additionally, an electronic register will now record all domestic violence cases to promote better data integration among authorities, improving the enforcement of protection measures and tracking repeat offenders.

Conclusion

The Federal Decree-Law No. 13 of 2024 represents a significant step forward in the UAE’s efforts to combat domestic violence. By broadening the definition of abuse, introducing stricter penalties, and enhancing victim support systems, the law addresses critical gaps in the previous framework. The inclusion of domestic workers under the law and the establishment of rehabilitation programs reflect the UAE's commitment to fostering a safer environment for all residents.

This comprehensive approach ensures not only legal redress but also long-term solutions to prevent domestic violence and protect vulnerable individuals. As the UAE continues to strengthen its legal framework, the new law promises a more robust system for prevention, intervention, and support, empowering victims to seek justice and fostering safer communities.