Due Diligence in Property Purchase in Dubai: Legal and Commercial Safeguards for Freehold Buyers Acquiring freehold property in Dubai—whether through off-plan investment or a secondary market purchase—demands rigorous and multidimensional due diligence. As real estate transactions in the Emirate grow in complexity and value, buyers must navigate legal, financial, structural,…
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Enforcing Arbitral Awards under the New York Convention: Strategic Insights from the GCC Legal Landscape Introduction The New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards 1958 establishes a global enforcement framework binding all six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states—United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar,…
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Navigating Kuwait’s Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Regulatory Landscape: (Part I of II) In an era where regulatory certainty underpins public trust in healthcare systems, few institutions command the same global stature as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the FDA). Renowned for its rigorous pre-market evaluations and robust post-market surveillance,…
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Strategic Market Entry in Dubai’s Property Sector: A Legal and Commercial Framework (Part I of II) Introduction Dubai’s real estate market continues to attract sophisticated global capital—ranging from institutional investors to private credit firms and sovereign-linked developers—drawn by the UAE’s liberalized investment environment, modernized land laws, and globally benchmarked AML/KYC…
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Navigating the UAE’ s Franchise Frontier: Strategic Legal Insights for International Brands Where global brands converge on a market shaped by tourism-fueled retail and cultural diversity, the United Arab Emirates (the UAE) offers a compelling— yet legally intricate— platform for franchising expansion. In the absence of a dedicated franchise statute,…
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Smarter Deals: How AI is Transforming M&A Due Diligence in the Gulf Introduction In 2025, a Dubai-based acquirer leverages a proprietary AI platform to complete legal and financial due diligence for a $900 million cross-border acquisition in record time. The platform reviews 25,000 documents, flags change-of-control clauses, identifies ESG liabilities,…
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Bahrain–UAE Investment Protection Agreement On 10 March 2025, Bahrain officially ratified the Bahrain–UAE Investment Protection Agreement (IPA), which had been signed on 11 February 2024 in Dubai. The bi-lateral treaty is a significant legal and economic milestone, establishing the basis for deeper commercial links, more secure investment protections, and co-ordinated…
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Criminal Law in the UAE The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has a distinct legal framework for criminal law, which is influenced by both Islamic law (Sharia) and civil law traditions. This dual approach reflects the country’s unique cultural and legal heritage, while aligning with modern principles of justice and fairness.…
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Consumer Protection Act in India In the present age of fast-growing and digitally prioritized economies, consumer transactions are increasingly complicated and far-reaching. Understanding the requirement to protect buyer interests in light of changing trends in trade and the marketplace, the government of India enacted the Consumer Protection Act, 2025. It…
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Bahrain–UAE Investment Protection Agreement On 10 March 2025, Bahrain officially ratified the Bahrain–UAE Investment Protection Agreement (IPA), which had been signed on 11 February 2024 in Dubai. The bi-lateral treaty is a significant legal and economic milestone, establishing the basis for deeper commercial links, more secure investment protections, and co-ordinated…
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Taxation of Cryptocurrency in India The rapid rise in cryptocurrencies worldwide has pushed regulators across the jurisdictions to deal with the tax and legal issues of virtual digital assets (VDAs). In India, even though cryptocurrencies are not yet accepted as legal tender, the legislative and fiscal stance has come a…
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Saudi Arabia's New Commercial Registration and Trade Name Laws As of April 3, 2025, Saudi Arabia has formally ratified two historic laws the Law of Commercial Register and the Law of Trade Names and it is an historic milestone that the Kingdom reaches in its regulation shift under Vision 2030.…
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Oman's New Law of Special Economic Zones and Free Zones Royal Decree No. 38 of 2025, issued by His Majesty Sultan Haitham bin Tarik on April 7, 2025, signals the beginning of a transformative new phase in Oman’s economic development. This pioneering legislation, named the Law of Special Economic Zones…
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Trump Announces 10% Tariff on UAE Imports In a dramatic change in global trade policy, U.S. President Donald Trump has declared a broad range of tariffs, including a base 10% import tariff on all imports into the United States. This action, a significant departure from the administration's international trade policy,…
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